The Autobiography of Malcolm X Essay - 681 Words

The Autobiography of Malcolm X By Alex Haley On May 19, 1925 Malcolm Little was born in Omaha, Nebraska. His father was a Preacher who spoke out about the unity of black people. Which caused several white racists to strike out against Malcolms father and his family violently. His family moved to Lansing, Michigan where Malcolm, his parents, brothers, and sisters were shot at, burned out of their home, harassed, and threatened. When Malcolm was 6 years old, his father was murdered by a white man. After his fathers death his mother had a nervous breakdown and the family got split up by welfare agencies. Malcolm was placed in a lot of different schools and boardinghouses. He was a good student†¦show more content†¦He went to Mecca, known as the Hajj, and this is a religious obligation that every orthodox Muslim does at least once in a lifetime. On his pilgrimage to Mecca is where he started looking at things differently. He saw that in the Muslim world the white man is brotherly. He met with, talked to, and ate with people who in America were considered white. He now wanted to unite people of all races under the power of one God and believed that blacks all over the world should join to combat racism. Malcolm returned from the pilgrimage as El-Hajj Malik al-Shabazz. His pilgrimage broadened his outlook on life. During his visit in the Holy Land he saw all races, all colors in true brotherhood living in unity, living as one, and worshipping as one. He was questioned about this because in the past he had preached out that whites were the devil and now he said that he will never be guilty of that again. His friends are now black, brown, red, yellow, and white, which includes capitalists, socialists, and communists. He now speaks out to his Harlem audience about peace and proclaims that he is not a racist in any form, and he doesnt believe in any form of discrimination or segregation. At the end of the book heShow MoreRelatedThe Autobiography of Malcolm X729 Words   |  3 PagesLiterary Analysis: The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Autobiography of Malcolm X, told by Alex Haley, details the incredible journey of one of the most inspiration and life altering leaders the world has ever encountered. The book begins with the illustration of Malcolm’s early life experiences and ends with X predicting that he will die a violent death prior to seeing the publication of his autobiography. At the beginning of the book, Haley describes how Malcolm’s father, a Baptist MinisterRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesWho is Malcolm X? Answers tend to vary by person but in the â€Å"Autobiography of Malcolm X†, it really delved into the pivotal details of his life and readers like myself, went on an enthralling metaphorical journey to see the intriguing development of him as a child, a young adult, a convict, a follower, and ultimately a leader. For starters, Malcolm X was not born with the infamous and famous X. His birth name was Malcolm Little and the innocent Malcolm Little was very belittled (pun intended) inRead MoreAutobiography Of Malcolm X1614 Words   |  7 PagesKaykay Zhu October 19, 2017 The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley is an account of Malcolm X’s evolving perspective on racial justice. Malcolm X was a prominent figure in the Nation of Islam who advocated for black nationalism and separatism. The man who became one of America’s most powerful voices for African Americans was deeply affected by the terrors of racism, which shaped his view of social justice and the condemnation of the white man. The way Malcolm X narrates his experiences changesRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages1 2 THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MALCOLM X Introduction Malcolm X?s autobiography written in collaboration with Alex Haley is an exciting story of personality transformation. During several years, Malcolm X told Haley his biography in several extensive interviews. Haley described and orchestrated the stories and Malcolm X edited and endorsed every part of the book. The story is narrated in the first person and it seems like Malcolm was writing this of hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley, and Coming of Age in Mississippi by Anne Moody sheds light on how principles of ambition, pride, and faith throughout their lives paved individual paths for revolutionary success. Troubling upbringings as seen in both of their lives eventually instilled a drive that ultimately revolutionized America’s perspective of racial equality. Their worldview grows to encompass humanity as one and is developed alongside their spiritual and cultural in quiryRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1701 Words   |  7 Pagesread the autobiography of Malcolm X. Malcolm X was one of the most controversial Men in American history. I’m familar with the name Malcolm X however, I’m not familliar with the works and background of Malcolm X. This is why I choose to read the autobiography of Malcolm X written by himself and Alex Haley. Which gives the read an insight on his background, beliefs, and the American society then. I believe that many people including myself have misunderstood Malcolm X. I believe that Malcolm X is misunderstoodRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X791 Words   |  4 Pageslife. Malcolm X told his life story of how he overcame in his autobiography simply called The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley. His life changed the world historically, socially, and especially politically by taking a stand against racism of all kinds which still exists in today’s â€Å"modern† standar ds. Using his personal life experience with racism towards African-Americans, Malcolm spreads the word on equality for all with a realistic tone that inspires trust in him. Malcolm X reachesRead MoreThe Autobiography of Malcolm X535 Words   |  2 Pages The autobiography of Malcolm X is a book that was published in 1965. It is of result of collaboration between human rights activist Mr. Malcolm X and journalist Alex Haley. The book depicts more about Malcolm X’s life, experiences and beliefs. The book again talks about spiritual conversion narrative that outlines Malcolm Xs philosophy of black pride, Black Nationalism. Malcolm was born in May 19th 1925 in Omaha to a family of Earl and Louise Little. The book also explains to us that he inheritatedRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1278 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X, born Malcolm Little, is one of the greatest advocates for race in the nation. However, his opinion of the state of racial issues in our country, and what can be done to solve them. Trials throughout Malcolm’s life of personal opinions and events that have occurred have shaped his outlook on the issue. Alex Haley’s autobiography novel, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, reveals Malcolm’s cha nging views on the solution of race in this country through the shaping stages of experiences in hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1505 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Book Review Book review based on The Autobiography of Malcolm X Introduction: This biography of Malcolm X was a book, which had a purpose of enlightening people on how blacks were treated, it mainly focused on the life of Malcolm and how it affected his life and changed him. Malcolm X is born and raised in Omaha, Nebraska, America. A country where racism is so prevalent that his family frequently gets into a confrontation with the KKK and Black Legion society due to his father being

Sport And Exercise - 1757 Words

NGB Strategies to Increase Community Participation in Sport and Exercise According with WSFF (2012) there is a fitness activity problem in UK but mainly on females, its estimate that only one in ten girls meet the guideline for physical activity. This report was the largest ever carried on the UK. Unfortunately, there are different outcomes from the lack of exercising, between them are obesity and low self-esteem, %30 percent of girls 11-16 don’t exercise, for this reason unfortunately British woman are classify as the most obese in Europe. Sport England (2017) suggests that around 2 million fewer woman than men are doing a regular sport, a significant different on the number of sport participants. They may excuse on the lack of time,†¦show more content†¦The social confidence can become a significant barrier by putting them off from exercise, and even thinking that they don’t fit in, ‘exercise is not my thing, some may think’ Sport England (2017). Understanding Motivations When women participate in sport and exercise, they need to be recognised and encouraged with a positive attitude, in this way it can became appealing and they will keep on coming back. In most cases motivation can bring a woman in to sport and exercise will change with time, given them new reasons to stay and continue, Sport England (2017). This girl can (2017) subjects that there are an estimated of 60 million Taekwondo practitioners world-wide, including UK, making this the most popular martial art, which can be practice as an art or a combat sport. As an art, its form of different movers, step by step simulations of fighting situations but not contact what so ever, perfectly safe for anyone at any age or gender. As a competition sport, has a set of rules for scoring on different methods, but both of the styles are very beneficial when it comes to physical practice, as it will condition the participant’s body while having fun. Good reasons to be recommended for? British Taekwondo (2017) It is the governing body for Taekwondo in United Kingdom, it’s trying to increase the participation of woman in sport, for this reason they have develop a female only fitness programme called Kicksister. The programme is run in different locations around UK, atShow MoreRelatedDifferent Disciplines Of Sports And Exercise Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesDifferent disciplines are kept in check by different governing bodies. These governing bodies make sure practitioners are correct in practice and state what they can and cannot do. There are many different disciplines within sport and exercise science and they all have different approaches to improve sporting performance and health. Governing body’s reason for existence is to set out policies and rules within an institution to make sure practitioners are morally ethically and legally correct. 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Solving Business Problems Through The Creative Power of The Arts

Question: Identify and evaluate Unilevers organisational structure prior to 1996. Why did Unilever change from this structure in 1996? Identify and evaluate the effectiveness of the new organisational structure that Unilever has adopted (from 2004), in achieving their corporate strategy. Describe the internal and external forces that could have created the need for Unilever to change its organisational structure.) Organisational change is one of the most persistent, pervasive, and powerful challenges that managers face today (Hitt et al, 2008). Using suitable change theories, describe how managers at Unilever could implement the change identified in the case study. Answer: Solution 1 Unilever is a multinational company set up by Margarine Uni (Dutch) and Lever Brothers (British) in the year 1930. Hence, it came to be known as Unilever. Every organization has a different management structure which is best suited and works efficiently by giving good results. Unilever was also doing well and had a decentralized structure. It is a type of structure where the power and authority is transferred from the central unit to the local enterprises (Weingardt, 1971). In the case of Unilever, they too had diversified the power and authority to the subsidiary units. The subsidiary units of different countries were accountable for their own market. In Europe, Unilever had 17 subsidiary units in different countries. They were independently responsible for the production, sales, distribution through their own supply chains and marketing of the product (Williamson and Wilson, 1970). The products were also customized as per the need and requirements of the local market. The subsidiary units had the independence to match the products as per the demand of that particular area. The managers were also locally recruited to understand the need and demand of customers. This type of the decentralized structure worked till 1996, when the company finally analyzed the desperate need to change the structure (Weingardt, 1971). There were several reasons behind this decision taken by the organization. Some of them are: High cost involved This type of structure was costing heavily to the organizations. Increasing competition There were more competitors in the market and the company could not tackle the competition on a global scale with its subsidiaries being independent entities Decentralized units of manufacture This kind of manufacturing divisions further increased the cost and it was difficult to sustain with them. Hence, the company decided to have a centralized manufacturing division for particular products. This would save the cost of setting of manufacturing plants for each subsidiary unit (Brinkmann, 1985). Global expansion Up till now, the company had 17 subsidiaries in Europen countries and wanted to further expand their business in other continents. This kind of structure would have further caused confusion and lack of vision (Rath, 1982). Falling prices of shares in the market The company was also worried about the falling prices of shares. This was creating a negative image for the company. Ease in decision making Since there was no single head and each entity were independent, it was difficult to take any decisions. Facilitate coordination The company also wanted to have an improved coordination among its subsidiaries. Each one was acting as a single unit and hence coordination and support were lacking. Loss of brand recognition There were too many products launched in the market as per requirements for every individual market. Hence, there was loss of identity. These were some of the reasons that forced Unilever to change its organizational structure. Solution 2 Despite of the organizational restructuring, Unilever was still to achieve the desired results. The competitors were still having an upper hand and Unilever was not able to stand with them (Mullins, L.J. 2010),. Hence, it decided to go through another restructuring. Though it is not an easy decision for any organization, but Unilever was bound to do so (Mizera, 2012). Some of the major changes that happened during this restructuring were: Cut down the brands The company decided to shrink its number of brands so that it can focus and concentrate on limited products. Initially, Unilever was selling around 1600 brands which were downsized to just 400. These downsized products were marketed strategically on a global scale. Reduction in manufacturing units After reducing the number of brands the company also downsized the number of manufacturing units. They were reduced from about 380 plants to just 280 plants. Product division The entire Unilevers product offerings were divided in just two major divisions. They were: Food Home and personal care This helped the organization in proper coordination and management. Now, the food division was only responsible for their range of brands and vice versa. They had to focus on every aspect like product development, product manufacture and product marketing of their brands. There was a proper division of work and hence better focus. For example Unilever Bestfoods which is located in Europe with headquarter in Rotterdam, was only taking care of food division, however, its home and personal care division located in Europe was only concerned about its own product range (Unilever: Rotterdam becomes centre for marketing and innovation, 2013). Firing of employees on a huge scale Due to reduction in number of products and manufacturing units there was an obvious reduction in the number of employees. Around 20,000 employees were terminated reducing the liability of the company. Changes in marketing structure Unilever also implemented changes in its marketing structure. Now there were marketing managers for each division. These marketing managers were supposed to supervise the brand managers. These brand managers were responsible for individual brands and were answerable to the marketing managers. This type of marketing structure helped in focusing on each and every brand. All these initiatives taken by Unilever helped in focusing it on brand recognition for many products and helped them retain their brand value. Also the bifurcation of products under two divisions helped in strategic planning and implementation. Reduction in manufacturing units and hence employees resulted in saving a lot of cost to the company. The change in marketing structure in the organization helped the company to focus on each and every product. Solution 3 There were several factors that left no option for Unilever but to change its organizational structure. There were several internal as well as external factors. The internal factors were within the organization, however external factors were from outside the organization. Internal Factors Designation of authority There was no adequate designation of authority. The subsidiary units were independent decision makers. They had their own planning and structure according to which they acted. The central binding force was lacking and hence that led to the inadequate division of power. Increasing costs The high rising costs were another threat to the organization. Having separate manufacturing units for every subsidiary had a huge cost involved with it. Lack of common vision Due to subsidiary units being independent, there was a lack of common vision and focus. Facilitate coordination The lack of coordination among subsidiary units was also a major reason for the organizational change. External Factors Growing Competition The increasing number of competitors was becoming a threat to the company. The competitors were gradually increasing their market shares. This competition was not only for branded products, but also non branded products had increased significantly in the market. Global expansion The company was planning a global expansion. Till now the company was only confined to European countries with its 17 subsidiaries. With the existing organizational structure, it was not possible to expand globally. There was a lack of common objective and vision in this type of decentralized structure. Lack of brand recognition Due to customization of products at all units there was no brand identity. This was causing the lack of brand recognition and hence creating a problem for the company. Too many brands There were too many brands for a single product range. Hence it was getting difficult to implement the marketing and advertising strategies. Later on, these brands were reduced from 1600 to 400. Solution 4 There are several challenges for managers at the time of the organizational changes. These challenges can be on various fronts. It is very crucial for managers to handle these changes in an efficient manner because change is not easily accepted by human mentality. Human beings do not accept change easily and hence it is difficult to prepare them for it. It becomes even tougher if the change happens in an organization and there comes the challenge to the manager. There are three theories of change that managers can implement in organizations. They are: The Kurt Lewin Change Management model This theory works in three stages. These three stages are freeze, change and refreeze. The first stage freeze is about getting ready for the change. All the necessary changes to be done are evaluated. Then comes the second stage the change. At this stage, the actual change happens. Then is the last stage, which is refreeze (Burnes, 2004). This stage is also known as unfreeze. In this stage, employees adjust to the changes that have taken place. This theory could have also been applied at Unilever. The employees should have been given adequate and apt lessons on motivation before the change. This would have prepared the employees for the change in the freeze stage. In the second stage the organizational change takes place. Communication and motivation are important part of this phase. After that, comes the refreeze stage. The managers had to efficiently handle this stage, since it is human tendency to repel to change. Kotter's 8 step change model Kotters change model is an eight step process. They are: Create urgency In the first step of this model, a well planned need has to be generated for the change. In case of Unilever, employees had to be made aware of the urgency of change (Pollack and Pollack, 2014). Forming a strong alliance In this step, employees are convinced about the change. At Unilever also, managers could have persuaded the employees and finally would have convinced for change. Create a vision for change It is important to evaluate all the options available after the change. At Unilever also, it was managers duty to foresee the options available. Announce the vision The vision should be efficiently conveyed to the employees. Managers at Unilever should have also effectively communicated the vision to the employees. Removing Obstacles All the hurdles that come in the way of change should have been removed. At Unilever as well the managers were supposed to remove these barriers. Creating quick wins Nothing motivates employees more than success. An early win at Unilever also would have had a lasting impact. Build on the change The wins and loss should be properly evaluated at this stage. Similarly, it was the role of managers to evaluate them. Incorporate the changes In the last stage it is the time to finally implement the changes. At Unilever also, managers could have now effectively implement the changes. The Kubler Ross change curve This theory bifurcates the change in five stages. They are: Denial In this stage, there is a non acceptance of the change. At Unilever it would have been a difficult phase for a manager to handle so much reluctance. Anger At this stage, the employees show their frustration in the form of anger. Considering the situation at Unilever, it was a crucial role of manager to handle this anger. Bargaining After the employees feel that nothing will work out they move to bargaining mode. The managers at Unilever needed to handle this situation tactfully. Depression The employees go to depression phase as they are still not sure about the change. The management at Unilever needed to give motivation sessions to pull the employees out of this situation. Acceptance At this stage, finally the employee accepts the change as there is no substitute. Managers at Unilever, play a vital role by regularly motivating them and keep them going (Carpenter, Kbler-Ross and Kubler-Ross, 1979). These are the three change theories that could have been implemented at Unilever at the time of organizational change. References Boyle, M. and Ottensmeyer, E. (2005). Solving business problems through the creative power of the arts: catalyzing change at Unilever. Journal of Business Strategy, 26(5), pp.14-21. Brinkmann, P. (1985). Towards decentralization. Energy Policy, 13(3), pp.204-214. Burnes, B. (2004). Kurt Lewin and the Planned Approach to Change: A Re-appraisal. J Management Studies, 41(6), pp.977-1002. Carpenter, J., Kbler-Ross, E. and Kubler-Ross, E. (1979). Accepting Death: A Critique of Kbler-Ross. The Hastings Center Report, 9(5), p.42. Church, R. and Clark, C. (2003). Purposive Strategy or Serendipity? Development and Diversification in Three Consumer Product Companies, 1918-39: J. J. Colman, Reckitt Sons, and Lever Bros./Unilever. Business History, 45(1), pp.23-59. Dales, J. and Wilson, C. (1957). The History of Unilever: A Study in Economic Growth and Social Change. I. II. The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 23(4), p.580. Fundamentals of Management. (2013). Robbins Decenzo and Coulter, 8th edition(Pearson Education). Mizera, S. (2012). Sustainability at Unilever: An interview with Lesley Thorne, Global Sustainability Manager. J Brand Manag, 20(3), pp.191-195. Mullins, L.J. (2010). (2010). Management and Organisational Behaviour, 9th Edition(Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow-UK.). Pollack, J. and Pollack, R. (2014). Using Kotters Eight Stage Process to Manage an Organisational Change Program: Presentation and Practice. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 28(1), pp.51-66. Ramanna, V. (n.d.). Hindustan Unilever Ltd. SSRN Electronic Journal. Rath, A. (1982). Local and Global Operations of Multinational Corporations: Unilever in India. Social Scientist, 10(10), p.30. Robbins Decenzo and Coulter. (2013). Fundamental of Management, (8th Edition). Unilever 2001: Employees. (2002). Focus on Surfactants, 2002(7), p.5. Unilever 2004 review. (2005). Focus on Surfactants, 2005(5), p.7. Unilever: Rotterdam becomes a centre for marketing and innovation. (2013). Focus on Surfactants, 2013(2), p.7. Weingardt , C. (1971). Organization Structure and Communication in the Unilever Company. International Studies of Management Organization, 1(4), pp. 377-393. Williamson, H. and Wilson, C. (1970). The History of Unilever: A Study in Economic Growth and Social Change. Southern Economic Journal, 36(3), p.342.

The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example Essay Example

The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example Paper The best pictures of swimmers Essay Introduction I proceeded to select something in the same range of interest, but not entailing as much to handle. Still hoping to create a project in the fashion industry, I decided on merely just creating a portfolio of designs I wish to create. After my sketches I would finalize them with a detailed drawing complete with colors. I would put the designs in a giant book resembling a scrapbook. Along with that I would find fabrics to go along with each article of clothing. Instead of creating the clothes, I would be gathering samples of materials. This seemed like fun to me, and I was excited to begin. I started with a few designs and focusing on perfection. After those were finished, it was harder than I thought to find fabrics that would suit each creation and accessories. That was just a small problem though. My interest was starting to deteriorate. The Personal Project is a year long affair. Even though this seemed fickle, I needed a topic I could commit to. This seemed almost too easy and just seemed all too familiar to me. Based on the advice of former sophomores, they told me that it was of great importance to pick an idea that would lead into new excitements and keep me hooked on the project. The best pictures of swimmers Essay Body Paragraphs This was something that I have been doing for a hobby since middle school. The Personal Project is supposed to broaden horizons and I was looking forward to venturing into the unknown. I felt that my portfolio was limiting the possibilities and I was not taking advantage of such a golden opportunity to try something foreign to me. Therefore I decided to go into a new direction. Discouraged by the lack of fulfillment that fashion brought me and the failures of my former ideas, I desired complete opposition. I ruled out anything even relating to fashion and instead focused on another interest: writing and drawing. I wanted to incorporate writing and drawing into a children’s book. Children’s books are rich in colors and vibrant pictures which I have a knack for. They also require climatic and exaggerated storylines which I enjoy writing. Also, they need a creative layout and presentation. Many of these elements would help me not only with this book I was planning to creat e, but I could possibly acquire new skills for my career as an editor. As I began working, I felt this starting to go downhill too. It was boring and seemed so unoriginal. I needed to add sparkle with a new concept. What a better way to do that by adding one of my stronger classes of Spanish into the mix? By making the book bilingual, I would be strengthening my existing knowledge of the Spanish language and I would be learning new aspects. This was surely something I could stay dedicated to. I worked hard to come up with a storyboard and especially on pictures to accompany the plot. In fact, I was quite in to the drawing part. Still, I could not envision this standing out amongst other projects. I feed off attention and I wanted mine to be amazing, something that others will envy and more importantly something I could be proud of and remember forever. This seemed all too similar to other people’s works. In fact, one of my classmates had a striking resemblance to this exact i dea. I could not share the spotlight with someone else. If wanted something that defined who I am and to be one of a kind. If this project was being duplicated by another, there is no way that I can rightfully call this my own. It could not mark just my personal development. It was not until winter when I finally came up with the perfect project. Briefly aforementioned is my involvement in swimming. This was one of the first interests to be ruled out because I quickly came to the conclusion that nothing can evolve into a year long study. Many past projects were videos or creating a team. But with swimming a video would be impossible and inappropriate. And developing a team requires much more than just having kids sign up. I would have to be of legal age and go through many six month long application projects. Also, coaching requires immense experience. I could not ethically teach kids proper stroke knowing there are better people suited for the position. I do, however, have quite an amount of knowledge of the sport, for my past coaches and my coach at the present time are all amazing. One of my more recent coaches and the one I have had the longest, has been especially helpful and really transforming me into the athlete I am today and I wish to pass on the expertise that he has bestowed upon me. Initially I completely bypassed any ideas because I was close minded and could not figure out a way to intertwine all of that with tangibility. After the crash of the previous idea though, the ideal project came to mind. As previously stated, I want to be an editor of a magazine. No one said it had to be fashion. There are numerous fashion magazines dominating the periodical industry. Yet I could not help but notice that there are very few swimming magazines. All of which are bimonthly and are brief. I knew exactly what I should do: create a magazine. I would design it for teen swimmers who are dedicated and want to be the best they can be. It would include basics of s troke and technique and tweaks to perfect it. In addition to that I would have proper nutrition for the active teen which is something I could easily attain data upon. Also, I would feature the latest swimming news about innovative products with ads to complement it and famous swimmers along with top times. At first I thought I would be doing this cover to cover. However, I am no expert in all of the areas I wish to include. All of the basis of information would be from the internet and other magazines which do not make it new to avid readers and I would feel like I am not finding out new facts on my own. I feel that a storyboard along with sample pages would carry across the general idea of my magazine. The storyboard would show the general content breaking up the subjects and giving a general feel for the magazine. The sample pages would display the layout and readability of the periodical. Along with that would be articles that I would use in the real thing. I would need to get i nformation to do this and have valid sources from experts and other sources. Some of these sources unfortunately must be the internet and other book and periodicals because I do not have enough experience for me to be the sole informant. I am no Olympian and my swimming itself is no where near perfection. Also, time or location does not allow me to find all the needed experts and interview them, but I do have enough from coaches and personal accounts to have firsthand knowledge. I plan on the nutrition and wellness to be the strongest point of my magazine. I can arrange an appointment with a couple of nutritionists and interview my pediatrician for accurate health and diet specifics. Now that my topic was established, it was time to create a time table and plan of action for this to be followed through. First order of business was coming up with a snazzy name. Even though this was not top priority the name would confirm that this is my Personal Project and just make it seem more rea l to me. The name is important so I feel like I am fully committed and cannot turn back. I went through a series. I carefully thought of other names of magazines and what they do for them and how they apply to content. For example, Cosmopolitan. It is a woman’s sort of â€Å"how-to guide† for life. The name describes what the normal lady wants to be with a hip and suggestive name. It means for someone to fit in and be part of society, which, lets face it, everyone wants to be just that. The New Yorker is often associated with the elite of academia and writing. Also a New Yorker is thought to be one of a society of innovation. Therefore that name perfectly suits it. I want mine to be distinct, but still fun and youthful. I need it to hint at the fact it’s a swimming magazine without being blunt like Teen’s Swim and Nutrition. Therefore, after much deliberation, I came up with Eat My Wake. Secondly, I must have material to publish. I would start with someth ing small like topics of articles. I knew that I was not going to publish an entire issue. So I needed to carefully choose what I was going to write sample articles on. These would be pretty general to ensure maximum understanding of the magazine’s purpose. I decided that a guide to each stroke with an introduction, key movements, and tweaks to perfection would be good to cover the stroke aspect of the topics. For nutrition, I would describe ideal foods and diets for better performance along with suggested calorie count and necessary nutrients. Finally, I would have recent swimming news and momentous meet updates (this would be the last thing to write about so I can include the most recent information at the time the Personal Project is presented). In the back of the magazine would be top times for all age groups and world records so swimmers can compare themselves to the leaders of the country. Then I needed to think of what I wanted to use that would illustrate my articles. The best pictures of swimmers are those nearest to perfection. These are our Olympian athletes and role models that we aspire to be. I wish I had a team of photographers to go and get my own original pictures of them, but the closest I will have is the internet and other magazines and posters. So I scanned these looking for action shots portraying what I focus on in a particular article. Pictures rich in movement are motivating and easy to admire. After finding pictures I would move on the part requiring the most attention: the articles. We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The best pictures of swimmers Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Fs5 Episode 1 Essay Example

Fs5 Episode 1 Essay Name of FS Student: April R. Umandap Course: Bachelor of Secondary Education Year section: III-edl Resource Teacher 1: Signature date: Resource Teacher 2: Signature date: Resource Teacher 3: Signature date: Cooperating School: My Target:In this episode, I must be able to: †¢ Deduce the lesson objectives after observing my Resource Teachers teach. †¢ See how the guiding principles in the formulation of lesson objectives are applied. †¢ Realize the importance of a clearly defined lesson objectives. My Performance (How I Will Be Rated? ) | | |FieldStudy 2, Episode 2- Lesson Objectives as My Guiding Star | |Focuses on: Application of the guiding principles on the development of lesson objectives | |Tasks |Exemplary |Superior |Satisfactory |Unsatisfactory | | |4 |3 |2 |1 | | | | | | | | |All tasks were done with |All or nearly all tasks were|Nearly all tasks were done |Fewer than half of tasks were| |Observation/ Documentation |Outstanding quality; work |done with high |with acceptable quality |done; or most objectives met | | |exceeds expectation |Quality | |but with poor quality | | |4 | |2 |1 | | | | | | | | | |3 | | | | | | | | | | |Analysis questions were |Analysis questions were |Analysis questions were not |Analysis questions were not | | |answered completely; in |answered completely |answered completely. |answered | | |depth answers; thoroughly | | | | |My Analysis |grounded on theories |Clear connection with |Grammar and spelling | | | |Exemplary grammar and |theories |acceptable |Grammar and Spelling | | |Spelling |Grammar and | |unsatisfactory | | 4 |spelling are | | | | | |superior | | | | | |3 |2 | | | | | | |1 | | | | | | | | |Reflection statements are |Reflection statements are |Reflection statements are |Reflection statements are | | |profound and |clear, but not clearly |shallow; supported by |unclear, and shallow and are | |Reflection |clear, supported by |supported by experiences |experiences from the |not supported by experienc es | | |experiences from the |from the |episode |from the | | |episode |episode | |episode | | |4 |3 |2 |1 | | | | | | | | |Portfolio is |Portfolio is complete, |Portfolio is incomplete; |Portfolio has many lacking | | |Complete, clear, |clear, well-organized and |supporting documentation is |components; is unorganized | | |well-organized and all |most |organized but is lacking |and unclear | | |Supporting documentation are|Supporting documentation are| | | | |located in sections clearly |available | | | | |designated |and/ or in | | |My Portfolio | |logical and | | | | |4 |clearly marked locations | | | | | |3 | | | | | | |2 | | | | | | |1 | | | | | | | |Submission |Before deadline |On the deadline |A day after the deadline |Two days or | | | | | |more after the deadline | | |4 |3 |2 |1 | | | | | | | |Sub Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | |Rating: | |Over-all Score |(Based on | | |Transmutation) | | | | | | | |_____________________________ ________________________ | |Signature of FS T eacher Date | |above Printed Name | | | | | |Transmutation of score to grade/ rating | |Score Grade Score Grade | |20 1. 0 99 12-13 2. 50 81 | |18-19 1. 25 96 11 2. 75 78 | |17 1. 93 10 3. 00 75 | |16 1. 75 90 8-9 3. 5 72 and | |15 2. 00 87 7-below 5 below | |14 2. 25 – 84 | | | FS2

Winter Skate Characteristics and Information

Winter Skate Characteristics and Information The winter skate (Leucoraja ocellata)  is a fish - a type of  cartilaginous fish that has wing-like pectoral fins  and a flat body. Skates resemble a stingray, but have a thicker tail that doesnt have any stinging barbs. The winter skate is one of dozens of species of skates.  . Description: Skates are a diamond-shaped fish that spend most of their time on the ocean bottom. Their gills are on their ventral side, so they breath through spiracles  on their dorsal side. Through the spiracles, they receive oxygenated water. Winter skates have a rounded appearance, with a blunt snout. They look similar to little skates (Leucoraja erinacea).  Winter skates can grow to about 41 inches in length and up to 15 pounds in weight. On their dorsal side, they are light brown with dark spots, and have a lighter, translucent patch on each side of their snout on front of the eyes.   Their ventral side is light with brown blotches. Winter skates have 72-110 teeth in each jaw. Stingrays can protect themselves with stinging barbs on their tail. Skates do not have tail barbs, but have thorns in various places on their body. On young skates, these thorns are on their shoulders, near their eyes and snout, along the middle of their disc and along their tail. Mature females have large thorns on the posterior edge of their dorsal fins and spines on their tail, along the edges of their disk and near their eyes and snout.   So although skates cannot sting humans, they must be handled with care to prevent being punctured by the thorns. Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Elasmobranchii Order: Rajiformes Family: Rajidae Genus:  Leucoraja Species:  ocellata Feeding: Winter skates are nocturnal, so they are more active at night than during the day.   Preferred prey include polychaetes, amphipods, isopods, bivalves, fish, crustaceans and squid.   Habitat and Distribution: Winter skates are found in the North Atlantic Ocean from Newfoundland, Canada to South Carolina, U.S., on sand or gravel bottoms in waters up to 300 feet deep. Reproduction: Winter skates are sexually mature at 11-12 years. Mating occurs with the male embracing the female.It is easy to distinguish male skates from females because of the presence of claspers, which hang down from the males disk on either side of the tail. These are used  to transmit sperm to the female, and eggs are fertilized internally. The eggs develop in a capsule commonly called a mermaids purse - and then are deposited onto the ocean floor.   Once eggs are fertilized, gestation lasts for several months, during which time the young are nourished by the egg yolk.   When the young skate hatch, they are about 4-5 inches long and look like miniature adults.   The lifespan of this species is estimated at about 19 years.   Conservation and Human Uses: Winter skates are listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. They take a long time (11-12 years) to become old enough to reproduce and produce few young at a time. Thus their population grows slowly and is vulnerable to exploitation.   Winter skates are harvested for human consumption, but are usually caught when fishermen are targeting other species.   References and Further Information: Bester, C. Winter Skate. Florida Museum of Natural History: Icthyology. Accessed February 27, 2015.Coulombe, Deborah A. 1984. The Seaside Naturalist. Simon Schuster. Kulka, D.W., Sulikowski, J. Gedamke, T. 2009.  Leucoraja ocellata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3.  Accessed February 27, 2015. Packer, D.B., Zetlin, C.A. and J.J. Vitaliano. Winter Skate, Leucoraja ocellata, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.  NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-179. Accessed February 28, 2015.NOAA FishWatch. Winter Skate.  Accessed February 27, 2015.

Tendering and Contracts Topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Tendering and Contracts Topics - Essay Example Lump sum contracts are the simplest type of contracts used in engineering and construction. They are also called stipulated sum, as this is the simplest type of an agreement among the supplier of services and a customer (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). The customer pays the price upon completion of the agreed work, or as agreed. The price offered by the supplier of services is based on estimation of the costs of labour and materials, and a standard amount for overhead and the desired amount of profit (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). Profit and overhead are usually estimated to the total of about 12-16 percent of the project cost (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). This share increases with risk (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). In case the final costs of labour and materials are higher than the builder's estimate, the profit is reduced (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). When final costs are lower, profit increases. However, the price of the project remain s the same. Though there are advantages of this contract, problems might arise as well. In cases where costs turn out to be higher than first estimated, the provider of services might attempt to substitute cheaper materials for those first specified (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). ... ed plan of activities must be defined ahead of time; owner’s financial risk must be low and fixed at the beginning; there must be sufficient time to design the project properly and bid (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). Unless these requirements are met, this type of a contract should not be used. This contract is thus usually used with â€Å"Design-Bid-Build method of project procurement† (Oklahoma State University, n.d., p.1). In this method, project planning is outsourced and separated from project execution (AECOM CONSULT, 2006, p.i ). Transportation companies have traditionally used it. Another type of contracts is the measures and value contract. Unlike in the lump sum contract, here the final cost of the project is established upon completion. Before the outset, costs are estimated. Upon completion, costs are re – measured in order to establish the actual cost (Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, 2012). Instead of receiving one final bill, the o wner receives â€Å"the bill of quantities,† which is composed of a schedule of rates for each unit or item (Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, 2012). This type of contracts is best suited for projects where the initial design cannot be completed ahead of time. Drawings and a bill of approximate quantities is usually produced (Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, 2012). They are recommended for the residential projects (Georgie P Landscape Architecture Ltd, n.d., p.1). The advantage of this contract over the lump sum is that the program for design, tendering and construction is shortened (Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, 2012). However, here the owner of the project suffers the unexpected costs of the project. This type of a contract is also used in the design – bid – build method of